-means milk in Latin.
http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/hort/consumer/factsheets/wildflowers/galactia_regularis.html
2. Doge-was the chief magistrate and leader of the Most Serene Republic of Venice for over a thousand years. Doges of Venice were elected for life by the city-state's aristocracy. Commonly the person selected as Doge was the shrewdest elder in the city.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doge_of_Venice
The doge held office for life and was regarded as the ecclesiastical, the civil and the military chief; his duties and prerogatives were not defined with precision and the limits of his ability and ambition were practically the limits of his power. Nominally the citizens confirmed the election, thus maintaining as a constitutional fiction the right of the whole people to choose their chief magistrate. During the dogeship of Dominico Flabianico, this tendency towards a hereditary despotism was checked by a law which decreed that no doge had the right to associate any member of his family with himself in his office, or to name his successor. It was probably at this time also that two councillors were appointed to advise the doge, who must, moreover, invite the aid of prominent citizens when discussing important matters of state.
http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Doge
3. Battle of Lepanto-The five-hour battle was fought at the northern edge of the Gulf of Patras, off western Greece, where the Ottoman forces sailing westwards from their naval station in Lepanto met the Holy League forces, which had come from Messina, on the morning of Sunday, 7 October.[2] The battle gave the Holy League temporary control over the Mediterranean, protected Rome from invasion, and prevented the Ottomans from advancing into Europe. This last major naval battle fought solely between rowing vessels was one of the world’s decisive battles "in history, inasmuch as 'after Lepanto the pendulum swung back the other way and the wealth began to flow from East to West, a pattern that continues to this day'", as well "as a 'crucial turning point in the ongoing conflict between the Middle East and Europe, which has not yet completely been resolved. Despite the significant victory, however, the Holy League's disunity prevented the victors from capitalizing on their triumph. Plans to seize the Dardanelles as a step towards recovering Constantinople for Christendom, were ruined by bickering amongst the allies.
http://www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Lepanto_(1571)
4. Cutlasses-264- is a short, thick sabre or slashing sword, with a straight or slightly curved blade sharpened on the cutting edge, and a hilt often featuring a solid cupped or basket-shaped guard. The cutlass is best known as the sailor's weapon of choice, the naval side arm, likely because it was also robust enough to hack through heavy ropes, canvas, and wood.
http://www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cutlass
5. The Albanian sells pineapples on "San Marco." -(266)-Piazza San Marco (St Mark's Square) contains the 11th-century Byzantine cathedral of S Marco, the 9th-16th-century campanile (rebuilt in 1912 after it collapsed in 1902), and the 14th-15th-century Gothic Doge's Palace, linked to the former state prison by the Bridge of Sighs (c. 1600).
http://encyclopedia.farlex.com/Venice+(city)
6. Mustafa-268-was an army officer, revolutionary statesman, and founder of the Republic of Turkey as well as its first President. Following the defeat of the Ottoman Empire at the hands of the Allies, (Battle of Lepanto) and the subsequent plans for its partition, Mustafa Kemal led the Turkish national movement in what would become the Turkish War of Independence. Having established a provisional government in Ankara, he defeated the forces sent by the Entente powers. His successful military campaigns led to the liberation of the country and to the establishment of the Republic of Turkey. As the first President of Turkey, Atatürk embarked upon a major programme of political, economic and cultural reforms.
http://www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mustafa_Kemal_Atatürk
*-Just thought it was an interesting connection between the person being painted and this fact.*
7. Gaoler-The keeper of a jail. Same as Jailer.
The keeper of a gaol or prison, one who has the legal custody of the place where prisoners are kept.
It is his duty to keep the prisoners in safe custody, and for this, purpose he may use all necessary force. 1 Hale, P. C. 601. But any oppression of a prisoner under a pretended necessity will be punished; for the prisoner, whether he be a debtor or a criminal, is entitled to the protection of the laws from oppression.
http://www.legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Gaoler
8. Cavil- To find fault unnecessarily; raise trivial objections.
To quibble about; detect petty flaws in.
A carping or trivial objection.
http://www.answers.com/topic/cavil?nr=1&lsc=true
9. Inquisition.-(275)-occurs in broad use in reference to the judgment of heresy by the Roman Catholic Church. It can mean:[1]
-a number of historical expurgation movements against heresy (orchestrated by the Roman Catholic Church)
- the trial of an individual accused of heresy.
In 1542, Pope Paul III established the Congregation of the Holy Office of the Inquisition as a permanent congregation staffed with cardinals and other officials. It had the tasks of maintaining and defending the integrity of the faith and of examining and proscribing errors and false doctrines;[10] it thus became the supervisory body of local Inquisitions. Arguably the most famous case tried by the Roman Inquisition involved Galileo Galilei in 1633. Because of Rome's power over the Papal States, Roman Inquisition activity continued until the mid-1800s.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inquisition
10. barmy-275- barmy
Adjective
[-mier, -miest] Slang insane [originally, full of barm, frothing, excited]
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/barmy
11. Dimentia- reference to pre-alzheimer's state.-Dementia (from Latin de- "apart, away" + mens (genitive mentis) "mind") is the progressive decline in cognitive function due to damage or disease in the brain beyond what might be expected from normal aging.
http://www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dementia
12. Sailcloth-
noun
Date: 13th century
a heavy canvas used for sails, tents, or upholstery; also : a lightweight canvas used for clothing
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/sailcloth
13. Shoals-A shoal is a somewhat linear landform within or extending into a body of water, typically composed of sand, silt or small pebbles. Alternatively termed sandbar or sandbank, a bar is characteristically long and narrow (linear) and develops where a stream or ocean current promote deposition of granular material, resulting in localized shallowing (shoaling) of the water.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barrier_island
14. Pathos- Pathos (Greek: πάθος) is one of the three modes of persuasion in rhetoric (along with ethos and logos). Pathos appeals to the audience's emotions. It is a part of Aristotle's philosophies in rhetoric. Not to be confused with bathos which is an attempt to perform in a serious, dramatic fashion that fails and ends up becoming comedy.
Emotional appeal can be accomplished in a multitude of ways: by metaphor or story telling, common as a hook, by a general passion in the delivery and an overall amount of emotional items in the text of the speech, or in writing.
In rhetoric, 'pathos' is the use of emotional appeals to alter the audience's judgment. A common use of pathos in argument is creating a sense of rejection if the audience doesn't agree. Creating a fear of rejection is in essence, creating a pathos argument.
Many refer to Pathos as the "band-wagon" appeal, or trying to convince the audience to join in on the speaker's belief. By making the statement in a way that cannot be argued, the audience feels driven to believe the speaker's opinion as a fact, thus joining the speaker in the belief that it is a commonly accepted idea. This is a major theme used in any form of propaganda.
Over-emotionalism can be the result of an excess of pathos.
The term is commonly used by critics, especially in positive reference to the dramatic performances of actors.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathos
15. Catechisms- A catechism (pronounced /ˈkætəkɪzəm/; Ancient Greek: κατηχισμός) is a summary or exposition of doctrine, traditionally used in Christian religious teaching from New Testament times to the present.[1] Catechisms are doctrinal manuals often in the form of questions followed by answers to be memorized, a format that has been used in non-religious or secular contexts as well.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catechism
Link to an interesting Baptist catechism:
http://www.reformedreader.org/ccc/acbg.htm
16. tumult-
1. a state of commotion and noise and confusion
2. violent agitation
3. the act of making a noisy disturbance
http://dictionary.reference.com/search?db=*&q=tumult
17. damascene-
Noun
1.Damascene - a native or inhabitant of Damascus
- an ancient city (widely regarded as the world's oldest) and present capital and largest city of Syria; according to the New Testament, the Apostle Paul (then known as Saul) underwent a dramatic conversion on the road to Damascus
2.damascene - a design produced by inlaying gold or silver into steel
Verb 1.damascene - inlay metal with gold and silver
Adj. 1. damascene - of or relating to or characteristic of Damascus or its people; "damascene city gates"
2. damascene - (of metals) decorated or inlaid with a wavy pattern of different (especially precious) metals; "a damascened sword"
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/damascene
18.Vicarage-
The priest of a parish in the Church of England who receives a stipend or salary but does not receive the tithes of a parish.
A cleric in charge of a chapel in the Episcopal Church of the United States.
A cleric acting in the place of a rector or in the Anglican Communion generally.
Roman Catholic Church. A priest who acts for or represents another, often higher-ranking member of the clergy.
http://www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vicar
19. Intones-
1. To recite in a singing tone.
2. To utter in a monotone.
v.intr.
1. To speak with a singing tone or with a particular intonation.
2. Music To sing a plainsong intonation.
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/intones
20. Gunwale-is a nautical term describing the top edge of the side of a boat.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunwale
21. Burnt umber is both a pigment, and colour. The dark brown pigment is made by heating umber, a clay containing oxides of iron and manganese, and is used for oil and water colour paint.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burnt_Umber
22. Dilettante
Etymology: Italian, from present participle of dilettare to delight, from Latin dilectare — more at delight
Date: 1748
1 : an admirer or lover of the arts 2 : a person having a superficial interest in an art or a branch of knowledge
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/dilettante
23. Squaddies- a private soldier.
2. a new recruit in the armed forces.
www.answers.com/topic/squaddie
24. Ornithological map- is the branch of zoology concerned with the study of birds.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ornithology
25. Bridge of Sighs- is one of many bridges in Venice. The enclosed bridge is made of white limestone and has windows with stone bars. It passes over the Rio di Palazzo and connects the old prisons to the interrogation rooms in the Doge's Palace. It was designed by Antoni Contino (whose uncle Antonio da Ponte had designed the Rialto Bridge), and built between 1600 and 1603.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bridge_of_Sighs
